Limitations of coding As you know, I am very much interested in our project of designing computing protocols to assemble and revise medical diagnosis and/or procedure codes; and I look forward to going ahead with the project. At the same time, I think we should give some thought to the limitations which psychological, social, economic and legal constraints place on the encoding procedure. 1. The utility of ambiguity, not only as a veil for ignorance, but as an appropriate expression for issues that are undecidable. either because available terms does not adequately reflect experience; or because experience is inadequate to permit the selection of appropriate terms. 2. The effect of habit The mere fact that one has said something once predisposes one to use it again. Repetition appears to validate the original judgment. Alteration appears to impugn it. 3. The effect of convention requires no elaboration 4. The effect of legal implicit threats 5. The effect of economic incentive 6. The effect of conceptual formulas on experience 7. Conforming the diagnosis to what iss diagnostically and therapeutically practicable 8. The effect on veracity and reliability of using the (encoded) medical record as a disciplinary tool.