Dear Marion, Thank you once more for your tolerance of my unconventional exposition of unconventional ideas. I have made additional notes on the "laws" of science. That this topic interests me, doesn't mean that it should interest you, and I won't be offended if you skip to the end of the letter where I try to address your question about the challenges that have been perplexing me. This morning, as I awoke I flirted with the hypothesis that there might be a qualitative difference between the laws of man, i.e. of government, and the laws of nature, i.e. scientific laws, that scientific laws were inherently more compelling than the obviously fickle and arbitrary laws of the state. But, on further thought, I concluded that the proposed distinction is far from fundamental, the consequence of educational and perhaps cultural influences. There is indeed a large population for whom a law is a law, with no distinction between the compulsions of society and the compulsions of (other than human) nature. As corollary, I find it interesting to reflect on the corrosive effect of "education" on the primitive, intuitive meaning of words. There is something to be gained by eschewing the subtleties and sophistications of philology and hermeneutics, relying instead on the simple, coarse and unadulterated and often inscrutable meaning (or absence of meaning) of the language a meaning which I must accept as the only accessible key to the interpretation of my thoughts. In any event, to consider the meaning and the substance of societal laws as prototypical is a useful exercise when one searches for the (ultimate) meaning of the "laws" of nature. The completeness and conclusiveness of natural laws, far from inherent, is but an imputed projection, an illusion which dissipates as soon as one inspects any one of those many "laws of nature" which present themselves as paragons of trustworthiness and reliability, as embodiment of truth. What remains is a maelstrom of uncertainties if not of contradictions, shrouded in an opaque fog of ambiguity. The scientists to whom our culture pledges fealty are the priests of the contemporary religion, who by their intellectual virtuosity are adept at reconciling, or at least concealing, the incongruities of the faith. The explanation for the predominance of science is its effectiveness. The pragmatist, the instrumentalist finds scientific facts to be "true" because they create in the scientific community a powerful network of cogitation, effective thought which enables scientists to be productive and to create the substrate for a technology that has transformed society. All this notwithstanding the circumstance that no ultimate truth, no immutable law has ever been or will ever be found. =================== When you inquire about the challenges that I find discouraging, you're like a physician taking a medical history, asking about aches and pains which are best ignored or forgotten. Reciting them, dwelling on them, describing them, has no therapeutic benefit. Bureaucratic harrassment such as the Province of Ontario refusing to provide me with a death certificate for Margrit's friend Harold Atkinson who died in 2004 and whom she had named as beneficiary of two of her retirement accounts; my broker Morgan Stanley charging a commission of $760 for buying 2000 shares of AT&T for my pension plan, a charge about one hundred times as what Schwab or Fidelity would charge, the repairs and improvements that need to be done to the houses in Belmont and Konnarock, not to mention completing the Nantucket construction, the energy for which is probably beyond me, if not now, then by the time the court issues its decision. I don't complain and I'm not asking for sympathy. Just answering your question. Jochen