Dear Nathaniel, Your essay about Hebel's Unverhofftes Wiedersehen so charmed me that yesterday after I returned from Logan I spent the rest of the evening reading and thinking about the topics you broached, learning about the Swedish town of Falun and its mines, and wistfully confronting my ignorance about almost everything. I remembered vaguely a title Das Bergwerk von Falun by Hugo von Hofmannsthal. I thought it was a short story; it turned out to be a play. There was also a work by E.T.A. Hoffmann, and surprisingly, Richard Wagner. I haven't (yet) pursued these leads. Falun, I learned, is the site of a series of mine disasters in the 16th and 17th centuries, one of which resulted in the chemical embalming of a victim and the rediscovery of his undecomposed body 50 years later. The composition of Unverhofftes Wiedersehen was contemporary with the rapid development of modern inorganic chemistry, whose marvels provided the template of various literary works, including Goethe's Wahlverwandtschaften. Unverhofftes Wiedersehen also requires consideration as a questionable "defense of marriage" tract, with the clear implication that even prenuptial love is everlasting. This morning I awoke with Unverhofftes Wiedersehen on my mind; as soon as I was dressed I scurried into the dining room to retrieve from the bookshelves my single volume of Adorno and six volumes of Ernst Bloch's writings which I had never read, I suspect from chagrin and envy, because it was just such compositions which I craved to write myself, - and realized that I lacked the wit and the discipline - and perhaps also the supportive environment that might have made it possible for my dreams come true ... Bloch's writings are meticulously indexed; I found citations to Hebel, but none to Unverhofftes Wiedersehen. If you have the pertinent Bloch - Hebel references, I'd be grateful ... Meanwhile some tentative thoughts: Your teacher's distinction between poetic time and historic time is provocative and very congenial. However I would suggest a somewhat different nomenclature: Since history = myth = fiction = poetry, I would distinguish between poetic - or better "subjective" time on the one hand, and chronological or objective time on the other. I'm reminded of the line of Rilke's Sonett an Orpheus (12) "Und mit kleinen Schritten gehn die Uhren neben unserm eigentlichen Tag." which describes the tiny steps of clocks ticking by the side of our actual day. History's pretentious claim to chronological time has long seemed to me an abject failure. In this context, keep in mind Kierkegaard's disparaging dismissal of the "world-historical", (verdens-historisk) i.e. the Hegelian denial of the impermeability of poetic (subjective) time to chronology. Goethe's repudiation of Newtonian mechanics is of similar provenance. You will, I suspect, be sympathetic to my observation that the transformation (or sublimation) of time is the essence of music. The conductor's down-beat is forever and always the beginning of a new epoch. No one understands that better than yourself! That's the significance in Chapter 1 of Die Freunde of Magus' introducing his administration by performing the Toccata Adagio and Fugue in C. In Chapter 16 of Die Andere I describes the performance of Kantate #197 as a wedding concert http://home.earthlink.net/~ernstmeyer/andere/K16.TXT You don't expect you to wade through all 19 pages of that chapter's literary wetlands, but here's the section that describes the beginning of the concert. The opening reference to the "traurigen Bassisten" refers to a sad faced bass soloist by whose melancholy expression Doehring had been distracted: (English translation below.) Waehrend Doehring ueber den traurigen Bassisten nachdachte, als den Verachteten und deshalb den wahren Boten Gottes, hatte der Laerm hunderter von zusammenschlagender Haende sich aufs Irrsinnige gesteigert, und hatte die lieblichen, wenn auch ungeordneten Klaenge des sich stimmenden Orchesters vor sich weggefegt. Selbst die Paukentoene, diese Zeugen goettlicher Gegenwart, waren verstummt. Der Dirigent war erschienen, und als Doehring seinen Blick wieder erhob stand er schon auf dem Podium, wie ein kleiner Goetze der jetzt ueber diese Aula herrschte. Klein war er tatsaechlich, mit schwarzem Haar in schwarzem Frack verneigte er sich majestaetisch nach allen Seiten, nahm dann den nadelartigen Dirigentenstab vom Pult, und eroeffnete seine Partitur, dieselbe meinte Doehring zu erkennen welche auf den eigenen Knieen lag. Er hob seine rechte Hand, und alle Augen der Musikanten zielten auf die Nadelspitze. Jetzt endlich waltete die ersehnte Stille in dem hohen Saal, und wie das Orchester den Niederschlag des Stabes erwartete, als Eroeffnung einer neuen, abgesonderten, von der Musik beherrschten Spanne der Zeit, so auch Doehring. Mit dem ersten Ton, gemischt von Trompeten, Pauken Blaesern und Geigen, bemerkte er es, wie sich der Raum des Gefuehls und des Urteils verwandelte, und er wuszte, dass dieser Akkord ihn jetzt aus einem Traum erweckte in dem er bisher fast lebenslang, vom Schlafe betaeubt, gewandelt war, und das was er jetzt erkannte, was er jetzt sah, was er jetzt hoerte, die Wirklichkeit war. Er sah Alpenwiesen bunt mit Blumen unter einem wolkenfreien blauen Himmel fernumrandet mit gletschergekroenten Gipfeln, und erkannte sofort, dass es die Wiesen am Healy Pass waren, die er vor Augen hatte. Die Musik aber ruhte nicht. Sie schweifte fort. In allen Winkeln einstigen Erlebens suchte sie ihn auf. War bisher sein Dasein ueber unzaehlige Orte, in ungezaehlten Zeitspannen zerstreut gewesen, so dass er sich selbst, sein Ich, nur mit Muehe darin hatte entdecken koennen, und dass es ihm oft geschienen war, als ginge er, oder waere er verloren gegangen und vermoechte sich selbst, wie Scherben eines zerbrochenen Gefaeszes, nicht mehr aufzulesen, so heilte die Musik diese Diaspora der Seele. Nun strebten sie alle wieder zu ihm zurueck, die verteilten Orte und die getrennten Zeiten wo er gelebt hatte, und waren durch den Zauber dieser gegenwaertigen Musik in ihm wieder vereinigt. Die Scherben des Lebens waren saemtlich wiedergefunden, und in diesen Toenen, in dieser Musik, waren sie wie in einem wunderbaren Kunstwerk Gottes entgueltig zusammengefuegt. Diese Wiederherstellung des Zerstreuten, diese wiederentdeckte Einheit alles Erlebten und Erlebbaren war es, was die Zuversicht bedingte. Die einheitliche Vorstellung der Ganzheit und Gueltigkeit seines, Jakob Doehrings ueber ein Menschenalter verstreuten Daseins, das war sein Gott. Der Chor hatte mit seiner Behauptung eingesetzt, und wiederholte sie in fugenhafter Steigerung. Er hoerte das Weben der vertrauten Gotteshaende, und das die unuebersichtlichen Pfade eines ganzen Lebens hindurchwaehrende Vertrauen. Er wuenschte, dass auch Dorothea dies hoeren moechte, aber er konnte sie jetzt darauf nicht hinweisen, denn was immer es war, das ihm Fassung gegeben hatte, dies Leben durchzuhalten, was immer es ihm ermoeglicht hatte die Geheimnisse seines Erlebens in ungezaehlten Vorlesungen auszuschuetten, vor Menschen die ihn kaum oder garnicht verstanden, was immer ihn befaehigt hatte die beruflichen und menschlichen Spannungen denen er von Tag zu Tag und von Woche zu Woche ausgeliefert war, zu bewaeltigen, und nicht zuletzt, was ihm die Kraft verliehen hatte mit der Hingabe seiner selbst, Dorothea, dieses gute und doch verwirrte Wesen neben ihm, vor ihr selber und vor aller Welt zu schuetzen, diese Fassung war nun dahin. Er hatte noch gerade Zeit die Partitur auf seinen Knieen zu schlieszen und ein weiszes Taschentuch aus seiner Rocktasche zu entbinden, eh die Traenenstroeme ueber seine Wangen fluteten. Um so wenig als moeglich aufzufallen, beugte er sich vorwaerts und verbarg sein Gesicht in den mit dem Taschentuch bekleideten Haenden. Die Musik spielte fort, und der Chor wiederholte seine Botschaft mit anschwellender Betonung, "Gott ist unsere Zuversicht, wir vertrauen seinen Haenden." ====================================================== English translation of the above: While Doering pondered the melancholy visage of the base soloist as perhaps the face of him who was despised and rejected, and therefore the true messenger of God, the chaotic noise of hundreds of clapping palms had surged to the level of insanity, sweeping away the lovely, albeit disordered notes of the orchestra getting in tune. Even the drums, those sentinels of the divine presence, could no longer be heard. The conductor had appeared, and as Doehring looked up, he saw him ascending the podium, a stand-in deity asserting his dominion over this auditorium. Diminutive indeed, tousled dark hair matching the color of his tail coat, he bowed majestically in all directions, retrieved from the music stand the needle-like baton, and opened the score, the same, thought Doehring, as was resting on his own knees. The conductor's arm was raised high, and all musicians' eyes were focussed on the needle. Now at long last the longed for silence reigned, and as the orchestra was intent on the opening downbeat, so Doehring waited for the sudden onslaught of a new, separate overwhelming wave of music and of time. Suddenly the barrier of silence was broken, music as from heaven flooded the hall, and Doehring noticed how, with the initial chord of drums and trumpets, strings and woodwinds there was a transformation of the space of feeling and of judgment, knowing then that he was at last awakening from the nightmare that had been his life, and that what he now heard, what he now saw, what he now understood was real and true, was the sole reality that he would ever, that he could ever know. He saw under a cloudless blue sky, meadows speckled with blue and pink, orange and crimson flowers, alpine lakes ringed in the distance with glacier-capped mountains, and recognized immediately the landscape he was crossing to be Healy Pass. The music sped on; it needed no rest. It sought and it found him in all the nooks and crannies of his previous existence. If heretofore his life had been scattered to many locations, had been fragmented in countless periods of time, so that it required much effort for him to rediscover himself, and if it had often seemed to him as if he were or were about to become lost, and was unable to recollect or reassemble these shards of a broken vessel, now, at last this music redeemed the diaspora of his soul. Finally they all, the scattered occasions, the distributed places of his existence were caused to coalesce, were made to fuse by the music's simultaenous magic. The shards of his life had, all of them, been recovered, and in these melodies, with these chords they had found their ultimate unity in the holy miracle of his consciousness. This restoration of what had almost been lost, the recovered unity of all that he had ever and could ever experience, this epiphany of his being was the basis of his confidence and of his faith. The unitary awareness of the integrity and validity of his, Jakob Doehring's existence, stretching from the dawn of his memory to the present moment was for him the ultimate intimation of the divine, the blessing bestowed by the hand of God. The chorus introduced itself and asserted its message in a powerful fugue, in whose recurring melodies Doehring thought he heard fulfillment of the text: the workings of the faithful hands of God, and trust as enduring as the cadences that found no end. Doehring wished that Dorothea also might hear all this, but he was just now unable to point it out to her, for whatever it was that had made it possible for him to survive, whatever it was that had made it possible for him to tell in uncounted lectures the secrets of his existence to an audience that understood him barely if at all, whatever it was that had enabled him to cope with the professional and inter- personal tensions with which he had to work from day to day and from week to week, and not least, whatever it was that had provided him with the energy to protect from herself and from an uncaring world, Dorothea, this well-meaning but confused creature next to him, whatever it was, was exhausted. He barely had time to close the heavy score resting on his knees and to extract a white handkerchief from his coatpocket, before streams of tears started to roll down his cheeks. To make himself as inconspicuous as possible, he bent forwards and hid his face in the handkerchief draped over the palms of his hands. The music continued, and the chorus repeated its message with ever growing insistence: "Gott ist unsere Zuversicht, wir vertrauen seinen Haenden." "God is our Refuge, in His hands lies our trust." ==================================== In this instance, I much prefer the German, whose formal dignity protects it against the puddles of sentimentality. I've obviously written far too much, and please don't feel that you owe me an answer. Indeed, if you've even read this far, it's I who is obligated to thank you. But please do let me know the dates of the G&S and Beethoven performances, and of anything else you think Grandma and I should attend. Jochen